What is z-index property in CSS? How same z-index elements will be displayed?
In CSS, the z-index property controls the stacking order of overlapping elements. It defines which element appears on top of others when they occupy the same space on the screen. Think of it as layers stacked on top of each other, with higher z-index values representing layers closer to the viewer.
How it works:
Each positioned element (elements with position set to absolute, relative, fixed, or sticky) has an implicit or explicit z-index value.
The default z-index is 0 for all elements.
Elements with higher z-index values are positioned on top of elements with lower values, even if they were declared later in the HTML code.
Same z-index elements:
When multiple elements have the same z-index value, the browser follows these rules:
Document order: The element that appears later in the HTML code is displayed on top. This is the default behavior unless overridden by other factors.
Specificity: If elements have different specificities due to their selectors, the element with higher specificity takes precedence.
Painting order: In rare cases where specificity is also equal, the browser's internal painting order might determine which element appears on top. However, relying on this is not recommended.
Important points:
Excessive use of high z-index values can create accessibility issues for users with assistive technologies.
Use z-index strategically to create layering effects or manage overlapping elements, but prioritize clear and accessible page structure.
Be mindful of specificity when using z-index in combination with other selectors to avoid unintended stacking behavior.
In summary:
z-index controls the stacking order of overlapping elements.
Higher values appear on top.
Same z-index elements follow document order, specificity, and painting order (browser-specific).
Use strategically for layering and overlapping, prioritizing accessibility and clear structure.
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