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Sunday, 18 January 2026

What is " Crimeware " in Cyber Security

 In the field of cybersecurity, crimeware refers to a specific class of malicious software (malware) designed specifically to automate and facilitate illegal activities, typically for financial gain.1

While all crimeware is malware, not all malware is crimeware.2 For example, a virus designed only to delete files for the sake of destruction is malware, but a program designed to steal your bank login credentials is crimeware.


Key Characteristics of Crimeware

  • Profit-Driven: The primary motive is almost always money, whether through direct theft, extortion, or selling stolen data.3

  • Automation: It is built to perform repetitive criminal tasks at scale, such as sending millions of phishing emails or scanning thousands of IPs for vulnerabilities.

  • Stealth: Unlike older "noisy" viruses that crashed systems, crimeware often tries to remain invisible to continue stealing data over long periods.4

  • Identity Theft: A significant portion of crimeware focuses on "scraping" personally identifiable information (PII) like Social Security numbers, credit card details, and passwords.5


Common Types and Detailed Examples

1. Banking Trojans6

These are designed to sit silently on a victim's computer and wait for them to log into a financial site. They can intercept credentials, bypass Two-Factor Authentication (2FA), and even modify transactions in real-time.

  • Example: Zeus (Zbot). One of the most famous banking trojans in history, Zeus was used to steal millions of dollars from bank accounts globally by capturing keystrokes and form data.7

  • Example: SpyEye. A competitor to Zeus that could "grab" data from web browsers before it was even encrypted.

2. Ransomware8

This is perhaps the most visible form of crimeware. It encrypts a victim’s files and demands a payment (usually in cryptocurrency) in exchange for the decryption key.9

  • Example: WannaCry.10 In 2017, this ransomware spread to over 150 countries, famously locking down systems in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS).11

  • Example: REvil/Sodinokibi. A modern "big game hunting" ransomware group that targeted large corporations and demanded multi-million dollar ransoms.12

3. Keyloggers13

Keyloggers record every stroke made on a keyboard.14 They are used to harvest usernames, passwords, and private messages.15

  • Example: DarkLog. A common tool used by low-level criminals to steal social media and gaming account credentials.

4. Botnets

A botnet is a network of "zombie" computers infected with crimeware and controlled by a "bot herder."16 These networks are often rented out to other criminals.

  • Example: Mirai.17 This botnet targeted Internet of Things (IoT) devices (like cameras and routers) to launch massive Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, at one point shutting down major portions of the internet.

  • Example: Emotet. Originally a banking trojan, it evolved into a massive botnet used as a "delivery service" for other types of crimeware like ransomware.18

5. Phishing Kits

These are "all-in-one" software packages sold on the dark web that allow even non-technical criminals to set up fake websites (like a fake PayPal or Netflix login page) to steal user data.

  • Example: Evilginx.19 A sophisticated kit that can steal not just passwords, but also active session cookies, allowing attackers to bypass 2FA entirely.


The "Crimeware-as-a-Service" (CaaS) Model

The cybercrime industry has become highly professionalized. Today, developers create crimeware and rent it out to other criminals—a model known as Crimeware-as-a-Service.20

Under this model, a criminal doesn't need to know how to code. They simply pay a monthly subscription fee or a percentage of their "earnings" to the developers for access to the software, tech support, and updates to evade antivirus detection.

Summary Table: Malware vs. Crimeware

FeatureGeneral MalwareCrimeware
Primary GoalDisruption, sabotage, or "fun."Financial gain or identity theft.
VisibilityOften obvious (crashes, pop-ups).Often hidden (stealthy data theft).
Business ModelUsually none.Highly organized (subscriptions, kits).
ExampleA virus that wipes a hard drive.A trojan that steals banking PINs.

à°¸ైబర్ à°¸ెà°•్à°¯ూà°°ిà°Ÿీ à°°ంà°—ంà°²ో "à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్" (Crimeware) à°…ంà°Ÿే à°šà°Ÿ్à°Ÿà°µిà°°ుà°¦్à°§à°®ైà°¨ à°•ాà°°్యకలాà°ªాలను, à°®ుà°–్à°¯ంà°—ా ఆర్à°¥ిà°• à°²ాà°­ం à°•ోà°¸ం ఆటోà°®ేà°Ÿ్ à°šేయడాà°¨ిà°•ి à°°ూà°ªొంà°¦ించబడిà°¨ à°’à°• à°ª్à°°à°¤్à°¯ేà°• à°°à°•à°®ైà°¨ à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్ (Malware).

à°¸ాà°§ాà°°à°£ంà°—ా à°…à°¨్à°¨ి à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్‌à°²ు à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్à°²ే, à°•ాà°¨ీ à°…à°¨్à°¨ి à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్à°²ు à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్à°²ు à°•ాà°µు. ఉదాహరణకు, à°•ేవలం à°«ైà°³్లను à°¡ిà°²ీà°Ÿ్ à°šేà°¸ే à°µైà°°à°¸్ à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్ à°…à°µుà°¤ుంà°¦ి, à°•ాà°¨ీ à°®ీ à°¬్à°¯ాంà°•్ à°ªాà°¸్‌వర్à°¡్‌లను à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ింà°šే à°¸ాà°«్à°Ÿ్‌à°µేà°°్ à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్ à°…à°µుà°¤ుంà°¦ి.


à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్ à°¯ొà°•్à°• à°ª్à°°à°§ాà°¨ లక్à°·à°£ాà°²ు

  • à°²ాà°­ాà°ªేà°•్à°·: à°¦ీà°¨ి à°µెà°¨ుà°• ఉన్à°¨ à°ª్à°°à°§ాà°¨ ఉద్à°¦ేà°¶ం à°¡à°¬్à°¬ు à°¸ంà°ªాà°¦ింà°šà°¡ం (à°¨ేà°°ుà°—ా à°¦ొంగతనం à°šేయడం à°²ేà°¦ా à°¡ేà°Ÿాà°¨ు à°…à°®్à°®ి à°¡à°¬్à°¬ు à°ªొందడం).

  • ఆటోà°®ేà°·à°¨్: à°¨ేà°°à°¸్à°¥ుà°²ు పదే పదే à°šేà°¸ే పనులను (ఉదాహరణకు లక్à°·à°²ాà°¦ి à°«ిà°·ింà°—్ ఈమెà°¯ిà°²్à°¸్ à°ªంపడం) ఇది à°¸ులభతరం à°šేà°¸్à°¤ుంà°¦ి.

  • రహస్à°¯ంà°—ా à°‰ంà°¡à°Ÿం: à°•ంà°ª్à°¯ూà°Ÿà°°్‌à°¨ు à°•్à°°ాà°·్ à°šేయడం à°•ంà°Ÿే, యజమాà°¨ిà°•ి à°¤ెà°²ియకుంà°¡ా à°²ోపల à°‰ంà°¡ి సమాà°šాà°°ాà°¨్à°¨ి à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ింà°šà°¡ాà°¨ిà°•ి ఇది à°ª్రయత్à°¨ిà°¸్à°¤ుంà°¦ి.

  • à°—ుà°°్à°¤ింà°ªు à°¦ొంగతనం: ఆధాà°°్ à°¨ంబర్à°²ు, à°•్à°°ెà°¡ిà°Ÿ్ à°•ాà°°్à°¡్ à°µివరాà°²ు మరిà°¯ు à°ªాà°¸్‌వర్à°¡్‌లను à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ింà°šà°¡ం à°¦ీà°¨ి à°®ుà°–్à°¯ ఉద్à°¦ేà°¶ం.


à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్ à°°à°•ాà°²ు మరిà°¯ు ఉదాహరణలు

1. à°¬్à°¯ాంà°•ింà°—్ à°Ÿ్à°°ోజన్à°²ు (Banking Trojans)

ఇవి à°®ీ à°•ంà°ª్à°¯ూà°Ÿà°°్‌à°²ో à°¨ిà°¶్à°¶à°¬్à°¦ంà°—ా à°‰ంà°¡ి, à°®ీà°°ు à°¬్à°¯ాంà°•్ à°µెà°¬్‌à°¸ైà°Ÿ్ à°“à°ªెà°¨్ à°šేà°¸ినప్à°ªుà°¡ు à°®ీ à°²ాà°—ిà°¨్ à°µివరాలను à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ిà°¸్à°¤ాà°¯ి.

  • ఉదాహరణ: à°œ్à°¯ూà°¸్ (Zeus). ఇది à°ª్à°°à°ªంà°šà°µ్à°¯ాà°ª్à°¤ంà°—ా à°¬్à°¯ాంà°•్ à°–ాà°¤ాà°² à°¨ుంà°¡ి à°®ిà°²ియన్à°² à°•ొà°¦్à°¦ీ à°¡ాలర్లను à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ింà°šà°¡ాà°¨ిà°•ి ఉపయోà°—ించబడింà°¦ి.

2. à°°ాà°¨్సమ్‌à°µేà°°్ (Ransomware)

ఇది à°®ీ à°•ంà°ª్à°¯ూà°Ÿà°°్‌à°²ోà°¨ి à°«ైà°³్లను à°²ాà°•్ (Encrypt) à°šేà°¸ి, à°µాà°Ÿిà°¨ి à°¤ిà°°ిà°—ి ఇవ్వడాà°¨ిà°•ి à°¡à°¬్à°¬ు (à°•్à°°ిà°ª్à°Ÿోà°•à°°ెà°¨్à°¸ీ à°°ూà°ªంà°²ో) à°¡ిà°®ాంà°¡్ à°šేà°¸్à°¤ుంà°¦ి.

  • ఉదాహరణ: వన్à°¨ాà°•్à°°ై (WannaCry). 2017à°²ో ఇది à°ª్à°°à°ªంà°šà°µ్à°¯ాà°ª్à°¤ంà°—ా లక్à°·à°²ాà°¦ి à°•ంà°ª్à°¯ూà°Ÿà°°్లను à°¨ిà°²ిà°ªిà°µేà°¸ింà°¦ి.

3. à°•ీà°²ాà°—à°°్à°²ు (Keyloggers)

à°®ీà°°ు à°•ీà°¬ోà°°్à°¡్ à°®ీà°¦ à°Ÿైà°ª్ à°šేà°¸ే à°ª్à°°à°¤ి à°…à°•్à°·à°°ాà°¨్à°¨ి ఇవి à°°ిà°•ాà°°్à°¡్ à°šేà°¸ి à°¨ేà°°à°¸్à°¥ులకు à°ªంà°ªిà°¸్à°¤ాà°¯ి. à°¦ీà°¨ి à°¦్à°µాà°°ా à°¯ూజర్ à°¨ేà°®్à°¸్ మరిà°¯ు à°ªాà°¸్‌వర్à°¡్‌à°²ు à°¸ులభంà°—ా à°¦ొà°°ుà°•ుà°¤ాà°¯ి.

  • ఉదాహరణ: à°¡ాà°°్à°•్ à°²ాà°—్ (DarkLog).

4. à°¬ాà°Ÿ్‌à°¨ెà°Ÿ్‌à°²ు (Botnets)

à°¨ేà°°à°¸్à°¥ుà°²ు తమ ఆధీà°¨ంà°²ో à°‰ంà°šుà°•ుà°¨్à°¨ à°µేలకొà°¦్à°¦ీ à°•ంà°ª్à°¯ూà°Ÿà°°్à°² à°¨ెà°Ÿ్‌వర్à°•్‌à°¨ు à°¬ాà°Ÿ్‌à°¨ెà°Ÿ్ à°…ంà°Ÿాà°°ు. à°µీà°Ÿిà°¨ి ఉపయోà°—ింà°šి à°ªెà°¦్à°¦ à°µెà°¬్‌à°¸ైà°Ÿ్‌లను à°¨ిà°²ిà°ªిà°µేయవచ్à°šు (DDoS attacks).

  • ఉదాహరణ: à°®ీà°°ాà°¯్ (Mirai). ఇది à°¸ిà°¸ిà°Ÿిà°µి à°•ెà°®ెà°°ాà°²ు, à°°ౌà°Ÿà°°్à°² à°µంà°Ÿి à°¡ిà°µైà°œ్‌లను à°¹్à°¯ాà°•్ à°šేà°¸ి à°‡ంà°Ÿà°°్à°¨ెà°Ÿ్‌à°¨ు à°¸్à°¤ంà°­ింపజేà°¸ింà°¦ి.

5. à°«ిà°·ింà°—్ à°•ిà°Ÿ్à°²ు (Phishing Kits)

నకిà°²ీ à°µెà°¬్‌à°¸ైà°Ÿ్‌లను (ఉదాహరణకు నకిà°²ీ Facebook à°²ేà°¦ా SBI à°ªేà°œీà°²ు) à°¸ులభంà°—ా తయాà°°ు à°šేయడాà°¨ిà°•ి à°¨ేà°°à°¸్à°¥ుà°²ు à°µాà°¡ే à°¸ాà°«్à°Ÿ్‌à°µేà°°్ à°ª్à°¯ాà°•ేà°œీà°²ు ఇవి.


"à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్-à°¯ాà°œ్-à°Ž-సర్à°µీà°¸్" (CaaS)

à°¨ేà°¡ు à°¸ైబర్ à°¨ేà°°ాà°²ు à°’à°• à°µ్à°¯ాà°ªాà°°ంà°²ా à°®ాà°°ాà°¯ి. à°¸ాà°«్à°Ÿ్‌à°µేà°°్ à°¡ెవలపర్à°²ు à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్‌à°¨ు తయాà°°ు à°šేà°¸ి, ఇతర à°¨ేà°°à°¸్à°¥ులకు à°…à°¦్à°¦ెà°•ు ఇస్à°¤ుà°¨్à°¨ాà°°ు. à°¦ీà°¨ిà°¨ే Crimeware-as-a-Service à°…ంà°Ÿాà°°ు. à°¦ీà°¨ివల్à°² à°•ోà°¡ింà°—్ à°°ాà°¨ి à°µాà°°ు à°•ూà°¡ా à°¸ులభంà°—ా à°¸ైబర్ à°¦ాà°¡ుà°²ు à°šేయగలుà°—ుà°¤ుà°¨్à°¨ాà°°ు.


à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్ vs à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్: à°¤ేà°¡ాà°²ు

à°«ీà°šà°°్à°¸ాà°§ాà°°à°£ à°®ాà°²్à°µేà°°్à°•్à°°ిà°®్‌à°µేà°°్
à°ª్à°°à°§ాà°¨ లక్à°·్à°¯ంà°µ్యవస్థను à°ªాà°¡ు à°šేయడం à°²ేà°¦ా à°µిà°¨ోà°¦ం.ఆర్à°¥ిà°• à°²ాà°­ం à°²ేà°¦ా à°¡ేà°Ÿా à°¦ొంగతనం.
à°•à°¨ిà°ªింà°šే à°¤ీà°°ుà°¸ిà°¸్à°Ÿà°®్ à°•్à°°ాà°·్ à°…à°µ్వడం వల్à°² à°µెంà°Ÿà°¨ే à°¤ెà°²ుà°¸్à°¤ుంà°¦ి.రహస్à°¯ంà°—ా à°‰ంà°¡ి à°¡ేà°Ÿాà°¨ు à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ిà°¸్à°¤ుంà°¦ి.
ఉదాహరణఫైà°³్లను à°¤ుà°¡ిà°šిà°µేà°¸ే à°µైà°°à°¸్.à°¬్à°¯ాంà°•్ à°ªాà°¸్‌వర్à°¡్ à°¦ొంà°—ిà°²ింà°šే à°¸ాà°«్à°Ÿ్‌à°µేà°°్.

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